VAGINAL DISORDERS Any of the following disorders may also present with a urinary tract infection. In addition to specific treatment, these girls also require investigation with a renal sonogram and VCUG to rule out additional causes for the urinary tract infection such as reflux. 1. Vaginal Bleeding Occasionally withdrawal bleeding occurs shortly after birth due […]

Latex sensitivity and the risk of a life-threatening anaphylaxis is an increasingly reported problem in pediatric urology. Patients with congenital defects such as spina bifida are most prone, possibly because of repeated exposure to products containing latex. Reactions occur most frequently within 30-45 minutes into the operation. PREVENTIVE MEASURES Children with a history of spina […]

Various types of cystic disease are commonly encountered in utero and in the infant population. Hydronephrosis diagnosed in utero needs to be reviewed after delivery, as a number of these patients have cystic disease. Cysts may be misinterpreted as hydronephrosis and vice versa. CLASSIFICATION Genetic Autosomal recessive (infantile) polycystic kidneys Autosomal dominant (adult) polycystic kidneys […]

Stone disease in children, or renal colic, is much more common than pediatricians think. INCIDENCE The exact incidence is unknown. There is probably no sex difference. CLINICAL PRESENTATION The most important factor in the diagnosis of stone disease in children is to consider it in the differential diagnosis. Many of these children will complain of […]

Clinical opinion based on the history and physical examination is exceedingly important. Although diagnostic techniques are available, most diagnoses can be made by the pediatric urologist without their use. In the differential diagnosis testicular torsion is the most important. Other common diagnoses include: non-bacterial epididymoorchitis, torsion of the testicular or epididymal appendages, trauma. incarcerated inguinal […]